butriada.blogg.se - Head and neck diagrams

#Head and neck diagrams skin#

During thyroidectomy, thyroid gland is removed along with the true capsule.

Thyroid gland moves up and down during swallowing.

#Head and neck diagrams skin#

For excision of submandibular gland, the incision in the skin should be given approx.Formation of calculus is more common in the submandibular gland than parotid gland.Cut in external jugular vein 1/2 inch above the clavicle may be fatal.Parotid abscess is drained by horizontal incision.Inflammatory swelling of parotid gland are very painful.Describe hypoglossalnerve under the following headings :ĭ. Describe oculomotor nerve under the following headings :ġ0. Describe glossopharyngeal nerve under the following headings :ĩ. Describe facial nerve under the following headings :Ĩ. Describe palatine tonsilunder the following headings:ħ.Describe cavernous sinus under the following headings:.Movements and muscles responsible for causing movements.Describe temporomandibular joint under the following headings:.Nerve supply correlated with development.Describe tongue under the following headings:.Describe thyroid gland under the following headings:.Describe parotid glandunder the following headings:.Relations and contents of tympanic/ middle ear cavity.Lateral wall of nose with meatuses and structures opening into them.Superficial relations of hyoglossus muscle.Horizontal disposition of deep cervical fascia.Structures emerging from the periphery of parotid gland.Structures passing through superior orbital fissure.Muscles attached to the styloid process and their nerve supply.Structures attached to the styloid process.Muscles in tympanic cavity and their nerve supply.Contents of middle ear cavity/ tympanic cavity.Extra-ocular muscles and their nerve supply.Structures passing through the lateral wall of cavernous sinus.Paired and unpaired dural venous sinuses.Structures opening in inferior meatus of nose.Structures opening in middle meatus of nose.Structures opening in superior meatus of nose.Structures passing below the inferior constrictor of pharynx.Structures passing between middle and inferior constrictor of pharynx.Structures passing between superior and middle constrictor of pharynx.Structures passing above the superior constrictor of pharynx.Muscles of pharynx and their nerve supply.Muscles of soft palate and their nerve supply.Muscles of tongue and their nerve supply.Muscles of masticationand their nerve supply.Branches of posterior division of mandibular nerve and structures supplied by them.Muscles of mastication and their action.

Branches of anterior division of mandibular nerve and structures supplied by them.

Branches of 3 rd part of maxillary artery.

Branches of 2 nd part of maxillary artery.

Branches of 1 st part of maxillary artery.

Branches of 1st part of subclavian artery.

Branches of cerebral part of internal carotid artery.

Structures passing deep to the posterior border of hyoglossus.

Structures forming superficial relations of hyoglossus muscle.

Suprahyoid muscles and their nerve supply.

Infrahyoid muscles and their nervedd supply.

Cutaneous nerve of side of neck and their root values.

Structures passing through the parotid gland.

A tailored approach to the needs of the individual patient and an intimate awareness of the potential pitfalls will contribute to better outcomes when using the prone position. Proper planning by the surgical team and utilization of the correct equipment are a necessity. Particular attention is paid to the cardiopulmonary, renal, ophthalmologic, and neurological vulnerabilities unique to this position. This article consists of a specific literature review of those issues directly related to the anatomical and physiological concerns arising from prone positioning. Gaining awareness of these risks and complications, and developing proactive positioning strategies, will enable the surgical team to position the patient optimally for the procedure and provide for every consideration of patient safety. Such positioning carries with it an attendant subset of risks and complications not otherwise encountered in more traditional supine positioning. Certain head and neck surgical cases require the patient to be positioned prone.